One Flew Over The Cuckoos NestA Humanities Perspective Essays

One Flew Over The Cuckoo's NestA Humanities Perspective Ken Kesey's novel One Flew Over The Cuckoo's Nest takes place in a mental hospital. The main character, or protagonist is Randle P. McMurphy, a convicted criminal and gambler who feigns insanity to get out of a prisoners work ranch. The antagonist is Nurse Ratched also referred to as The Big Nurse . She is in charge of running the mental ward. The novel is narrated by a patient of the hospital, an American Indian named Chief Bromden. Chief Bromden has been a patient at the hospital longer than any of the others, and is a paranoid-schizophrenic, who is posing as a deaf mute. The Chief often drifts in and out between reality and his psychosis ( Kesey does a good job of blurring the line between the two). The conflict in the novel is between McMurphy and The Big Nurse which turns into a battle of mythic proportion. The center of One Flew Over The Cuckoo's Nest is this battle between the two, which Kesey uses to represent many of our cultures most influential stories. The dominant theme in this novel is that of conformity and it's pressure on today's society. In the novel conformity is represented as a machine , or in Chief Bromden's mind a combine . To the Chief, the combine' depicts the conformist society of America, this is evident in one particular paragraph: This excerpt not only explains the Chiefs outlook on society as a machine but also his self outlook and how society treats a person who is unable to conform to society, or more poignantly one who is unable to cope with the inability to conform to society. The chief views the mental hospital as a big machine as well, which is run by The Big Nurse who controls everyone except McMurphy with wires and a control panel( which the Chief see quite clearly in his psychosis). In the Chiefs eyes McMurphy was missed by the combine, as the Chief and the other patients are casualties of it. Therefore McMurphy is an unconformist and is unencumbered by the wires of The Big Nurse and so he is a threat to the combine. McMurphy represents the antithesis to the mechanical regularity, therefore he represents nature and it's unregularity. Another key theme in Kesey's novel is the role of women is society and how it contradicts the males. In keeping with the highly contrasting forces of conformity verses creativity Kesey proceeds to compare the male role to spontaneity, sexuality, and nature and the female role to conformity, sexual repression and ultimately the psychological castration of the male. Nurse Ratched was endowed with large breast which threatens her power over the male patients because of her exposing herself sexually and Kesey's view in the novel of male sexual dominance, therefore she try's to hide them the best she can. Nurse Ratched gains her power through her sterility which she does with no makeup and white uniform, as well as her emasculation of the male patients and doctors. The Big Nurse ' takes the place of the mother role or other over domineering feminine role in a lot of the patients lives, which led them to their psychological castration. To the Chief, the nurse takes on the role of his white mother who orchestrated the downfall and emasculation of his father and the selling of his tribal land to the white people ( also referred to as the combine ) . Another patient Billy Bibbit a thirty one year old man whose mental problems were due to his over domineering mother , who was friends with Nurse Ratched. The downfall of Billy was toward the climax of the novel when The Big Nurse brought to the surface Billy's inability to stand up to his mother and her years of psychological castration, and soon after, came his suicide. Kesey incorporates many other sub-themes into One Flew Over The Cuckoo's nest but all of them represent a larger than simply the battle between The Big Nurse and McMurphy. They all center around one central theme and that is the struggle between good and evil. This struggle shows up In many of Americas most definitive stories. And among these

Fetal Alochol Syndrome Essay

Fetal Alochol Syndrome Essay Fetal Alochol Syndrome Essay Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder is the â€Å"umbrella term used to describe the range of possible effects associated with alcohol consumption during pregnancy. (Payne, 2012) The most widely known of these disorders is Fetal Alcohol syndrome (FAS) is defined as a pattern of physical, mental, and behavioral problems in the baby that are thought to be due to alcohol abuse by the mother during pregnancy. (ACOG) There are many resources to help in the awareness and possible prevention of fetal alcohol syndrome, including N.O.F.A.S. ; The National Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is the only international non-profit committed solely to FASD prevention, advocacy, and support. This organization was founded in 1990 and is the leading voice and resource of the Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders community. (N.O.F.A.S.) According to the article on Fetal alcohol syndrome on the webpage Kidshealth.org â€Å"When a woman drinks alcohol during pregnancy, she risks giving birth to a child who w ill pay the price - in mental and physical deficiencies - for his or her entire life.† Many pregnant women still choose to drink alcohol and there is an estimated 1 in every 750 infants born in the United States are born with a case of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome whether it is a pattern of physical, developmental, and or functional problems, while another 40000 are born with fetal alcohol effects (FAE).† (Numours) There are many signs and different level of severites of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. Some of the more common signs and symptoms of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome include; low birth weight, small head circumference, failure to thrive, developmental delay, organ dysfunction, facial abnormalities, epilepsy, poor coordination/fine motor skills, poor socialization skills, such as difficulty building and maintaining friendships and relating to groups, lack of imagination or curiosity, learning difficulties, and behavioral problems. Anyone suffering from Fetal Alcohol Effect may have some of these symptoms listed above but on a less severe degree. A child suffering from the affect of alcohol during growth and development who suffers from facial abnormalities may include; smaller eye openings, flattened cheekbones, and or an underdeveloped groove between the nose and upper lip. Learning disabilities may include including poor memory, inability to understand concepts such as time and money, poor language comprehension, poor problem-solving skills. While behavior problems of a child/person suffering from fetal alcohol syndrome include; hyperactivity, inability to concentrate, social withdrawal, stubbornness, impulsiveness, and anxiety. The most severe problems that may be caused by fetal alcohol syndrome can include physical deformities, mental retardation, learning disorders, vision difficulties and behavioral problems. Some features present in someone suffering with the effects of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome in ones central nervous system include; â€Å"agenesis and hypoplasia of the corpus callosum, cavum septi pellucidi, cavum vergae, ventriculomegaly, hypoplasia of inferior olivary eminences, small brain stem, and micrencephaly.† (NCBI) Whereas the physical deformaties of someone suffering from the effects of fetal alcohol syndrome can include; atypical physiognomy, â€Å"smooth philtrum - The divot or groove between the nose and upper lip flattens with increased prenatal alcohol exposure, Thin vermilion - The upper lip thins with increased prenatal alcohol exposure, Small palpebral fissures - Eye width decreases with increased prenatal alcohol exposure† to the more severe frontonasal dysplasia also known as a cleft lip. (NCBI), (Numours). There are some other conditions that can commonly occur along with fetal alcohol syndrome, these are considered Alcohol related birth defects and not considered fetal alcohol syndrome. These include Cardiac problems/conditions like a heart murmur that almost always disappears by one year of age; most commonly it is a Ventricular septal

Internet Banking - Computers and Internet Essay

Internet Banking - Computers and Internet - Essay Example So the current research empirically investigated the future of Internet banking, through semi-structured, convergent, in-depth interviews and successive stages of this study. At this stage of the paper, the role of the interviews will be outlined and then the nature of this facility will be explained. The objective of this dissertation is to ascertain the perceptions and attitudes to Internet banking usage amongst universities students of the Edinburgh; in particular focusing on the uncertainty associated with the usage. The data collected was primarily quantitative in nature with the questionnaire questions being mostly close ended leaving no scope for divergent and qualitative responses. Though some specific and limited questions were left specifically for qualitative responses; however these were mainly utilized in obtaining concluding impressions of respondents. Three main data sets were collected from respondents pertaining to awareness, understanding and approval of Internet banking. Each data set was comprised of two or three questions in order to obtain an established view of the respondent in respect of the data set or aspect of usage of Internet banking. ... The chief variables concerned basic awareness of Internet banking, knowledge of various possibilities of usage of Internet banking and the factors that promoted/discouraged usage of Internet banking. Questionnaire sought to collect data in respect of these variables. 3.5 Statistical Procedures Results are analyzed with the help of Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS 11.0) using standard statistical tests and analysis procedures. The values of variables we will give in the results are means and standard deviations throughout. The overall indexes and factor scales are calculated and examined using demographic comparisons and other techniques. Exploratory statistics such as cross tabulation with Chi-Square tests, frequency histograms, and pie charts can calculate to better understand the results. Other statistical analyses included Univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA), based on the General Linear Model (GLM), and calculation of confidence intervals. For all statistical significance tests, a 95% confidence level was working. Such analyses are relatively objective. The following presents a summary of results from all sources and identifies key strategic prospects and recommended actions. In keeping with the triangulation method, we point out significant similarities and differences in findings across sources. For some issues, data are not available from all sources. There are two methods, which are mainly used in researches, and these two methods are: 1. Qualitative research method 2. Quantitative research method In this study, quantitative approach was flexibly so that this approach is use over here. But

Segregation and Disenfranchisement of African-Americans from 1875 to Research Paper

Segregation and Disenfranchisement of African-Americans from 1875 to 1900 - Research Paper Example These segregations and disenfranchisement were witnessed in both the Southern and Northern states (Andrews 54). After the American Civil war in 1870, the endorsement of the Fifteenth Amendment on the American constitution followed, preventing any state from denying any male citizen the right to vote based on racial prejudgments. The African American community made up the majority population in states such as Mississippi and Louisiana besides forming a sizeable population in other former Confederate states. The whites in these states resisted the rights of the freedman to exercise political power, will, and right. The whites feared black dominance and practised violence, assassinations, and intimidation to thwart the efforts of the freedman to participate in active politics in the last quarter of the 19th century. Consequently, Black voting reduced remarkably in most Southern States giving white democrats a chance to regain control of the political offices of the region (Rable 103). T his research attempts to retrace the developments that took place concerning segregation and disenfranchisement of African Americans from 1875 to 1900. Segregation and Disenfranchisement of African-Americans (1875-1900) In 1875, the Congress approved the first Civil Rights Act that assured the black community equal rights in restaurants, theatres, juries and transportation. The law was however brought down in 1883 on court orders, with the court taking the stance that the Constitution mandates the Congress to act only on discrimination by government and not by citizens. Besides the court system, there were other forces that adamantly fought to ensure the African American Community did not exercise their right to vote. For example, a paramilitary group called the Red Shirts, formed in Mississippi 1875, fought against racial equality in North and South Carolina (DuBois 26). It was a well organized and open society consisting of armed confederate soldiers that worked for political aims . This group intended to remove the republicans from office and scare the freedmen to keep them from voting. The Red Shirts was just one of the groups in the Southern States that were determined to keep the black community away from the polls and ensure a white democratic took over the southern governments in the elections of 1876 (Kousser 85). The other example that highlight racial segregation in late 19th century was the Battle of Little Big Horn, which the Cheyenne Indians and Sioux won 1876 with the killing of General Custer George. This battle was a consequence of continued violation of the 1868 Fort Laramie Treaty that saw white Americans move in droves to seek gold in the Black Hills. This was an intrusion into African American territory and invasion of property. In the political spheres, the election of President Rutherford Hayes in 1877 saw Reconstruction grind to a stop. Most of the federal soldiers in the south were withdrawn and those that remained did little to protect the rights of the African American Community. This year also witnessed the return of the ‘home rule’ to the previously secessionist states. With the return of this rule began the rekindling of white supremacy, racial segregation, and disenfranchisement of the freedman. As a result, strikes and sit-ins were organized with the first national strike occurring in this period. This violent strike that was directed at the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad company saw the death of 19 people (DuBois 39). The

The role of environmental management is one of the most rapidly Research Paper

The role of environmental management is one of the most rapidly changing areas of management. Its focus has shifted from reactin - Research Paper Example In the environmental management framework, there can be a number of competitive advantages (Esty & Winston, 2009). They include a company’s cost structure, customer, support, distribution network, and product offerings. This paper will discuss the shifting role of environmental management using the environmental costs to competitive advantage as the scope of the paper’s focus. Background Environmentalists regard environmental costs as one of the vital accounting information that necessitates the ability of management to handle its productivity and administrative decisions in order to achieve evaluation and performance of its work appropriately (Esty & Winston, 2009). In places where environmental costs are part of the major entrances applied by companies to enhance their capability to compete, chances of reducing costs, increasing competitiveness, and increasing profitability are high (Sharairi & Awawdeh, 2011). These situations are only achievable when a company focuse s much on ways of serving customers from the economic, health, and social perspective linked to the set goals. Particularly, the application of financial accounting and maintenance of financial statements is substantial for companies in general as it improves the aspect of acquiring the appropriate data and information for company activities (Hitchens, 2002). In order to get the relevant data which is capable of keeping accountable environmental costs that suit the management of the environment, companies must employ various methods that can provide this relevant information (Esty & Winston, 2009). However, literature reviews indicate that most companies are failing to achieve competitive advantage over their rivals in the market mainly because of lacking the essential tools for environmental management costs. This issue is causing such companies whole lots of financial losses, market advantage, and inability to comply with the set environmental rules and regulations (Hitchens, 2002 ). Without a doubt, there is a need to have pragmatic ways of addressing such issues in order to have these companies engage in better environmental practices, renowned ways of keeping compatible environmental cost records, and gain competitive advantage in the market (Sharairi & Awawdeh, 2011). Methods The research aimed at identifying the influence of environmental costs over the competitive advantage of companies in general but decided to consider, particularly, the pharmaceutical firms in Jordan (Esty & Winston, 2009). By the use of interviews, the study considered identifying the impact of all the prevention operational costs on the competitive advantage carried in pharmaceutical companies in Jordan. With questionnaires, the research aimed at identifying the effect the measurement and inventory activities costs have over the company’s competitive advantage (Sharairi & Awawdeh, 2011). Using qualitative and quantitative system of analysis, the study identified the impact o f control activities costs over the competitive advantage of the surveyed pharmaceutical companies in this city. Finally, the research introduced the use of filming, note taking, and recording methods in identifying the effect environmental failures have over the pharmaceutical companies in Jordan (Hitchens, 2002). Results and discussion After the study, the

Improving Structure and Links for User Navigation Session

Improving Structure and Links for User Navigation Session Improving Structure and Links for Analysis of User Navigation Sessions Bhagyashri Biranje, Priti Harpale, Dushyant Singh, Meenal Jadhav, Sindhu M.R. ABSTRACT In this paper, we are designing a well-structured website to facilitate effective user navigation to relink webpages to improve navigability using user navigation data. We will completely reorganized new structure of a website, which can be highly unpredictable. It will also illustrate how to improve a website without introducing substantial changes. Here specifically, we are using a data mining algorithm to improve the user navigation on a website while minimizing alterations to its current structure. We will also test the model on large synthetic data sets to demonstrate that it scales up very well. Key words: Website design, user navigation, web mining, data mining algorithm. Corresponding Authors: Meenal Jadhav, Sindhu M.R. INTRODUCTION Nowadays, the more use of internet provides people more knowledge and information in detail. Number of users of internet is increasing day by day. For a user finding desired information is not always easy. Therefore, designing effective websites is not easy. Even though there are high profile websites, if they are unable to view the desired information, then users will ignore these websites. Ratings will be down. Less numbers of users will be the visitors [1]. There are so many examples of user navigation. The restaurant services such as making reservations, processing orders, and delivering meals generally requires waiters to input customer information and then transmit orders to the kitchen for menu preparation. When the customer pays the bill, the amount due is calculated by the cashier. Although this procedure is simple, it may significantly increase the waiters’ workload and even cause errors in menu ordering or in prioritizing customers, especially when the number of customers suddenly increases during busy hours, which can serious degrade overall service quality. Websites are having difficulties in searching and locating the target pages, because of poor website design. To design a website, developers should understand how to construct a website, which is different from previous website structure. This will be useful in such cases where users were unable to search or locate the desired information. So, to avoid such problems is not easy while creating a website. Because web developers may or may not have proper understanding of user’s preferences and they organize pages on their own preferences of their own judgments. Therefore to fulfill the user’s need, the webpages should be organized in such a way that it should be match with user’s preferences [2]. The success of any organization of web site will be determined largely by how well site’s information architecture matches users’ expectations. A logical, consistently named site organization allows users to make successful predictions about where to find things. Various methods of organizing and displaying information permit users to extend their knowledge from familiar pages to unfamiliar ones. If a developer misleads users with a structure that is neither logical nor predictable, or constantly uses different or ambiguous terms to describe site features, users will be frustrated by the difficulties of getting around and understanding what you have to offer [3]. Developer don’t want user’s mental model of web site to look like fig.1. Fig.1 Confusing links are made by a developer. Don’t make such a confusing web of links. Designers aren’t the only ones who make models of sites. Users try to imagine the site structure as well, and successful information architecture will help the user build a firm and predictable mental model of your site [3]. EXISTING SYSTEM If existing site has more than a few dozen pages, your users will expect web search options to find content in the site. In a larger site, with maybe hundreds or thousands of pages of content, web search is the only efficient means to locate particular content pages or to find all pages that mention a keyword or search phrase. For example, as with popular books at the library or the hit songs on iTunes, content usage on large web sites is a classic â€Å"long-tail† phenomenon [3]: a few items get 80 percent of the attention, and the rest get dramatically less traffic. As the user’s needs get more specific than a browser interface can handle, search engines are the means to find content out there in the long tail where it might otherwise remain undiscovered (fig. 2). Fig.2 The â€Å"long tail† of web search. Large sites are just too large to depend solely on browsing. Heavily used pages are likely to appear on browsing menus pages. Website Structure: In this project, the website structure consists of three components: layout templates, URL patterns, and linkage structure. Layout Template Most web pages consist of HTML elements like table, menu, button, image, and input box. The layout of a web page describes what HTML elements are included in the page, as well as how these elements are visually distributed in page rendering. Essentially, a page layout is represented by a so called DOM (Document Object Model) tree. In this project, a layout template is considered as a group of pages which have very similar layouts (DOM trees) [3]. In a website, pages are generated based on distinguishable templates according to their functions. That is to say, visually similar pages usually have same function. In this way, user can easily identify a page’s function at a glance. (b) (c) Fig. 3 Typical layout templates from the ASP.NET Forums [3]. Following are several typical layout templates identified from the ASP.NET Forums [3]. Their functions are to show a) a list of discussion thread, b) a list of thread posts, and c) user profile, respectively. They are designed to show: a) a list of discussion thread, b) a list of thread posts, and c) user profile, respectively. URL Pattern A URL pattern is a generalization of a group of URLs sharing similar syntactic format. In general, a URL pattern can be represented with a regular expression.Following we show some example URL patterns discovered, again,from the ASP.NET Forums [2]. List-of-thread pages ^http://forums.asp.net/d+.aspx$ ^http://forums.asp.net/d+.aspx?PageIndex=d+forumoptions=d+:d+:d+::$ List-of-post pages ^http://forums.asp.net/t/d+.aspx$ ^http://forums.asp.net/t/d+.aspx?PageIndex=d+$ ^http://forums.asp.net/p/d+/d+.aspx$ ^http://forums.asp.net/ThreadNavigation.aspx?PostID=d+NavType=(Previous|Next)$ User profile pages ^http://forums.asp.net/user/Profile.aspx?UserID=d+$ ^http://forums.asp.net/members/[^/?]*$ Itis noticed that one layout templates can have more than one related URL pattern. For example,a bookseller website usually designs one template to show a list of books,andprovidesdifferent query parameters to generate such a list. Various query parameters in this scenario will lead to different URL patterns, but the search results are shown with the same template. Another common case is duplicate pages, i.e., pages with the same content (and very likely the same layout)but different URLs [3]. Link Structure Based on the layout templates and URL patterns, we can construct a directed graph to represent the website organization structure. That is, each layout template is considered as a node in a graph, and two nodes are linked if there are hyperlinks between the pages belonging to the two nodes. The link direction is the same as the related hyperlinks.And each link is characterized with the URL pattern of the corresponding hyperlink URLs. Again, it should be noticed thatthere could be multiple links from one node to another if the corresponding hyperlinks have more than one URL pattern. Fig. 2 gives an illustrative example ofthe sub-graph constructed based on the layout templates and URL patterns above. Fig.4 An illustrative sub link-graph for the ASP.NET Forums [3]. PROPOSED SYSTEM In our proposed system, we have two main modules- Client and Server. 1] Module 1: Client Fig.5 Client Client has two functions: Browse Website Submit User Experience User or client used to browse the website. The client browses the website. The information of user such as history, time of visiting website, links etc. is known as user’s experience. It is then submitted to server. 2] Module 2: Server Fig.6 Server We are using tomcat apache as a Server. Client and Server are connected through network using Servlet. Server is used to store activity log of all user’s based on session in the database. Using Data Mining algorithm this database, website can be restructured to provide better, easier and faster interfaces. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE Fig. 7 Architecture In this architecture, there are two modules, client and server. Client browses the website and submits its experience to the server. Then data is stored into the database. Data mining algorithm is applied to get improved website structure. It improves a website rather than reorganizes it hence is suitable for website maintenance on a progressive basis. This model is very effective to real-world websites. It optimally solves large-sized problems in a few seconds in most cases on a desktop. Data Mining Algorithm: The Data mining algorithm we are using is K-Means. The Algorithm K-means (Mac Queen, 1967) is one of the simplest unsupervised learning algorithms that solve the well known clustering problem. The procedure follows a simple and easy way to classify a given data set through a certain number of clusters (assume k clusters) fixed a priority [4, 5]. The algorithm is composed of the following steps: 1. Place K points into the space represented by the objects that are being clustered. These points represent initial group centroids. 2. Assign each object to the group that has the closest centroid. 3. When all objects have been assigned, recalculate the positions of the K centroids. 4. Repeat Steps 2 and 3 until the centroids no longer move. This produces a separation of the objects into groups from which the metric to be minimized can be calculated. CONCLUSION This model is useful for static websites and not suitable for websites that purely uses dynamic pages or have volatile contents. Using Data mining algorithm we will improve the navigation effectiveness of a website with minimal changes to its current structure. It will improve a website rather than reorganizes it. Most complex web sites share aspects of all three types of information structures. Site hierarchy is created largely with standard navigational links within the site, but topical links embedded within the content create a web like mesh of associative links that transcends the usual navigation and site structure. Except in sites that rigorously enforce a sequence of pages, users are likely to traverse your site in a free-form web like manner, jumping across regions in the information architecture, just as they would skip through chapters in a reference book. So, it will be the clearer and more concrete our site organization is, the easier it is for users to jump freely from place to place without feeling lost (fig. 7). Fig.8 Optimized path [3] We will structure sites as hierarchies, but users seldom use them that way. A clear information structure allows the user to move freely and confidently through our site. References [1] Min Chen and Young U. Ryu,† Facilitating Effective User Navigation through Website Structure Improvement†, IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, Vol. 25, No. 3, March 2013. [2] G. N. Shinde and Inamdar S.A.,† Web Data Mining Using An Intelligent Information System Design†, G. N. Shinde,Inamdar S.A, Int. J. Comp. Tech. Appl., Vol 2 (2), 280-283. [3] Patric J Lynch and Sarah Horton, â€Å"Website Style Guide 3rd Edition† [4] J. B. MacQueen (1967): Some Methods for classification and Analysis of Multivariate Observations, Proceedings of 5-th Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, Berkeley, University of California Press, 1:281-297 [5] Brian T. Luke: â€Å"K-Means Clustering†

Isolation Theme in Grendel :: essays research papers

Isolation Have you ever felt as though you’re alone in the world, even though you are not? In the book Grendel, the main character is the last of his species, excluding his mother who might as well be non-existent in the novel. Grendel is a monster who speaks a language very similar to that of the humans he watches almost constantly. He feels a certain attachment to them throughout the whole novel, but he is unable to become close to any of them due to his horrifying form. The humans are terrified of Grendel, and attack him whenever he comes near. He feels completely isolated, as do many people in our world. The story begins with a flash-back into Grendel’s early years. He is all alone even then, but he is too young to realize it and fills this void with imaginary friends. He talks about how he entertained himself during his early years saying â€Å"Crafty-eyed, wicked as an elderly wolf, I would scheme with or stalk my imaginary friends, projecting the self I meant to become into every dark corner of the cave and the woods above† (17). People in our world may invent imaginary friends also, sometimes for companionship, as part of play, or for other reasons. Imaginary friends can serve as an important source of companionship to some children and even adults, especially if companionship is absent for them in the social world. As an example â€Å"young children in boarding schools often develop imaginary friends to cope with extreme stress and separation from their intimate relations† (www.phycologytoday.com/z10/fl/mllr.7se.php) Finding a mate is hard for Grendel, especially because he’s the last of his species. However, he still has the same emotions as humans when it comes to love. He first encounters these unfamiliar emotions when Hrothgar is given a wife named Wealtheow. Grendel thinks she is beautiful, and starts to rethink his war on the humans when he contemplates killing Wealtheow, saying to himself â€Å"It would be meaningless, killing her. As meaningless as letting her live. It would be, for me, mere pointless pleasure, an illusion of order for this one frail, foolish, flicker-flash in the long dull fall of eternity.† (108). Even though he is a monster, he still feels the same emotion of love that humans do. Grendel and the humans share a common language, but the humans’ disgust for, and fear of Grendel precludes any actual meaningful exchange.

The Age of Empire: American Imperialism at the Close of the 19th Century

Imperialism is a process by which countries attempt to extend their power into new spheres by leveraging their military, economic, cultural, and political power over another land. The roots of imperialism have differed through the ages. Some countries have sought imperialism by conquest, pillaging and plundering another land for pure exploitative economic gain. Other countries have conducted imperialism by colonization, slowly infiltrating and eventually assuming control of another land over time by force.For much of European history after the renaissance, the European continent entered an â€Å"Age of Imperialism† that saw British, French, Spanish, Portugese, Dutch, and German expansion across the far reaches of the globe. America, however, was a late addition to the scramble for imperialist expansion. Not until the late 19th century did the fledgling North American power attempt to move beyond its borders in pursuit of bolstering the national interest.Over the course of seve ral decades, however, America removed the shackles of isolationism and became an aggressive expansionist power primarily in Latin America and the Philippines. While this policy was not uniformly popular, it is important to understand because it drastically influenced and shaped American foreign policy for the 20th century. During the late 1800’s, America engaged in overseas expansion in three main areas: Spanish-America, the Philippines, and several Pacific islands. These campaigns were ideologically motivated by the philosophical underpinnings of the Monroe Doctrine.This foreign policy standard, developed by President James Monroe in 1823, stated that the Western Hemisphere was distinctly the domain of the United States and that American â€Å"exceptionalism† would allow the United States to exclusively deal with affairs of the Western Hemisphere (Oklahoma College of Law, The Monroe Doctrine). This principle was the foundation of a series of events that eventually pro mpted the United States to invade foreign sovereign nations. Racist thought also perpetuated public support for these imperialist invasions.The so-called White Man’s Burden, which had justified so much inhumanity by European powers was also raised by proponents of American expansionism. This theory held that because White men were â€Å"civilized† in contrast to their colored counterparts, it was the ethical duty of Europeans and European descendants to forcibly civilize the â€Å"uneducated† and â€Å"inferior† races of the world. Coupled with the Monroe Doctrine, politicians combined with sensational journalists (often referred to as â€Å"yellow journalists†) to drum up support for American excursions abroad (American Library of Congress).The first major front in the eventual military expansionism that ensued was in Cuba and other parts of Spanish America. This campaign, known as the Spanish-American War, was Cuba. Here, Americans sympathetic to the plight of the Cubans, legitimized a show of force with the U. S. S. Maine, which was eventually sunk near Havana, prompting an outcry for war. The war in Cuba raged on in the aftermath of that incident, with Congress issuing a declaration of war. Unlike Cuba, which was more of a conflict between two â€Å"White† powers, American imperialism in the Philippines developed into a far more systematic form of colonialism.American became an occupying power that asserted its dominance and applied its customs and language on the native population. Indeed, during the course of the war, American brutality was substantial, with an estimated 200,000 Filipinos dying from the conflict, largely in the festering disease-ridden concentration camps. Additionally, many Americans were reported to have carried out war crimes against the local population—shameful acts that were exposed and documented by the Lodge Committee report (Miller, 184).Similarly, America extended its reachâ€⠀with many negative results—in Guam, Samoa, Hawaii, and other Pacific islands. These particular conquests mark the height of American imperialist expansion at the close of the 19th century. Even though the Monroe Doctrine and the White Man’s Burden theories garnered sufficient support from the public to carry out the imperialist campaigns popularly, dissent against the newfound expansionism did exist. The major opponent of imperialist policies in America was the Anti-Imperialist League.This organization, which prided itself on its founding ideals of liberty and equality for all persons, regardless of race or geographic location, sought to end American imperialist expansionism. As they argued, America’s militarism against the defenseless indigenous populations was nothing more than â€Å"criminal aggression† (Modern History Sourcebook). The League had a substantial impact on the national debate over imperialism, as it had cultural superstars like Mark Twa in on its side.Nonetheless, however, even as the League successfully highlighted some of the bankrupt practices of American expansionism, the campaigns were nonetheless carried out. The impact of American imperialism during the late 1890s reverberates still today. The Monroe Doctrine has now been replaced by a series of new foreign policy strategies, including the most recent addition of the Bush doctrine, which authorizes preemptive attacks anywhere in the world to ensure American security. Our occupation of Iraq currently has its roots and its legacy embedded in the deployment of troops under President McKinley.This fact highlights why early American imperialism is so important to understanding our current foreign policy; it is a continuum rather than a series of isolated events. And now, just like then, anti-imperialist groups are being heard throughout the country. Only time will tell how effectively they will be at steering our government from continuing the imperialist legacy started at the close of the 19th century. Works Cited: Miller, Stuart C. â€Å"Benevolent Assimilation†: the American Conquest of the Philippines, 1899- 1903. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1982.340 p Modern History Sourcebook. â€Å"American Anti-Imperialist League, 1898. † Available online from: http://www. fordham. edu/halsall/mod/1899antiimp. html. Accessed 17 January 2009. â€Å"The Monroe Doctrine. † University of Oklahoma College of Law. Historical Documents. Available online at: http://www. law. ou. edu/ushistory/monrodoc. shtml. Accessed 17 January 2009. â€Å"The World of 1898: The Spanish American War. † The Library of Congress, Hispanic Division. Available online from: http://www. loc. gov/rr/hispanic/1898. Accessed 18 January 2009.

Medieval Music essays

Medieval Music essays Modern music of the western world has its roots in medieval music. It may seem illogical, but it is actually quite true. Some music in America even has routes from medieval times in the western world. Modes, notation, polyphony music, and other musical ideas of this sort date back to these times. Also, ideas of polyphony music from the Middle Ages are the foundation in much of western music. However, the medieval musical experience is impossible to recapture, for most of the music of daily life is lost (Cyrus 1). But still, one can see how important this time in musical growth was, because their ideas have survived for us to use. Firstly, troubadours and trouvres are a topic worth knowing about. They were typical medieval people. In the medieval world, the troubadours and trouvres traveled around singing to praise noble women and the knights who loved them. But there was a difference between a troubadour and trouvre. Troubadours were the poets who were associated with Provencal, the language of Provence France. A trouvre was a poet who spoke a variation of the French language. As said, these poets admired women. The most admired women of the times lived from 1122 to 1204. Her name was Eleanor of Aquitaine. Troubadours flocked to her court in the French duchy of Aquitaine (Krieger 240). Later after her court, Eleanor of Aquitaine became Queen of England. Also, she became the proud mother of Richard the Lionhearted who composed many romantic poems and songs, which would make him a Troubadour. Secondly, the instruments of the Middle Ages are unique parts of the music and they each have their own stories. However, many of todays instruments have their roots in medieval culture. Anyway, the first instrument is the organ. Its story starts when, the early Church Fathers were deeply opposed to the use of instruments within the liturgy (Seay 71)...

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buy custom Radical Revolution essay Joel Garreaus Radical Revolution, is a provocative book, which commences with mind-cracking experiment. He gives a scenario where ones daughter returns from her law school as a first year student and talks about her college classmates rather than law works. The most perturbing issue is that these classmates have advanced in various ways. She shows how the enhancement has made an impact on her life. They are internal wireless apparatus, self-healing. In addition, issues of mortality in the revolution on technology and genetics that are changing, either positively or negatively, and human evolution are important. The author describes three scenarios that may have an impact on the human race in the future. In the first scenario is the Heaven, where it is exemplified with illustrious people like Eric Drexler, Raymond Kurzweil, Marvin Minsky, Gregory Stock, Nick Bostrom, Vernor Vinge, and Hans Moravec . The author portrays them to have strong beliefs in the practicality and benefits of genetic engineering over that of cyber exuberance. He uses Vinge to demonstrate the theory of Singularity in which the group purports. They believe that the Singularity theory will prompt transcendence in which intelligence surpasses other forms of human revolution. The second scenario advocates The Hell. Here, the advocate is Bill Joy, who founded the Sun Microsystems. This scenario argues that as the society inclines to genetic engineering, the innovation will have inequalities, and there would be a sprout of the ruling elite. It will have more powers than the other individuals in the society. In the third scena rio, the author focuses on the Prevail in which Jaron Lanier represents this scenario. It analyzes the possibility of Tanscendence in the society, which would be neither predictable nor smooth. The credible scenario is The Prevail scenario as the transcendence depends on more than one individual (Gay 23). The human revolution cannot be predictable under normal circumstances. The most probable is The Heaven scenario. Most scholars and scientists have experimented that there is a strong belief in Singularity in realizing human revolution. Ideally, with the transcendence from the animal hominids to the human hominids that have been experienced, the stage for human evolution in the future has initiated. The Russian philosopher, Nikolai Fyodorov, advocated for physical immortality, radical life extension, and the possibility of resurrection after death. The philosopher analyzed the trends of the human revolution and deduced that, under the same conditions and trends, the society will experience a human revolution. In the current society, there has been tremendous change in the human activities (Chorost 13). This has been facilitated by the immense technological advancement in the past few decades. The trend seems to continue and the possibility of radical life extension and physical immortality are on the way to being practical. However, in order to realize t hese changes, the scientists need to undertake research and encourage the society to embrace technological change. In the near future, the society will shift their focus on technology-knowhow. This will mean that the Information Technology and Computer Science courses will be in demand. The scientists and philosophers will need Information Technology specialist that will enhance the realization of their objective (Chorost 89). For instance, specialists in the sector can only pperform genetic engineering. An individual from other field, apart from Information Technology, may possess knowledge on the genetic impairing in enhancing human revolution. Genetic engineering contribution will improve life of human beings. This will be achieved through its contribution to the health care, agriculture, energy, mining, and a host of other activities in the economy. However, human revolution will not spread smoothly in the society. For instance, genetic engineering will not only bring comfort but also greater health to those who use its products and services. It brings wealth and prestige to the individual who invented the gene and developed the human therapy. Although technological advances have brought benefits, they have also created problems. Human possesses the ability to alter and exploit the natural environment in ways not possible in this changing world. Technology has enabled humans to alter the nature beyond the natural carrying capacity of the Earths ecosystem. The advancement of technology has been a catalyst for globalization and human revolution. Technology has enhanced the interaction between human beings in the realization of a common goal (Gay 129). In conclusion, human revolution is a vital aspect in the current volatile society. The economy is characterized by gradual improvement of the way of life of human beings in the society. Indeed, for better realization of genetic engineering, and overall human revolution in the economy, technology has played a vital role to enhance its achievements. Joel Garreau analysis of the three scenarios clearly outlines the effects that the society will face in the near future. Indeed, human revolution is inevitable. Buy custom Radical Revolution essay

Actions that Nurses Can Take To Maintain Skin Integrity Assignment

Actions that Nurses Can Take To Maintain Skin Integrity - Assignment Example To avoid positioning clients on sites of skin impairment, and whenever possible, the client should be turned every two hours. They can also use the appropriate and approved positioning devices. They should avoid using blankets, sheets, and towels as paddings. They are usually ineffective in distributing pressure and can lead to friction. Instead, protective padding and films should be used. To transfer patients with care to prevent the harmful impacts of mechanical forces such as shear, friction, and pressure (Wadlund 2010) Nurses should implement a documented treatment plan for sites of skin impairment. The written plan ensures consistency in the care given. Nurses can use topical treatments that maintain moist environments for wound healing. They should asses the patients’ nutritional status and institute the necessary dietary supplements. This can be done with the help of a nutritionist. To be careful not to expose skins to temperatures above 42oC when using pressure re gulation devices

Service Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Service Management - Assignment Example The factor that is driving the change in strategy is the maturity and experience they have gained as solicitors over a long time they have as an independent firm. Furthermore, the fact that the number of clients they have is not growing, hence, they plan to find ways of increasing the number of customers. Another fact is that Smith and Jones want to be more visible in the market, and expand their business by employing another solicitor, who will assist them (Johnston, Clark & Shulver, 2012). John Smith differentiated his firm from the competition by noting that other solicitors believe that the business grows on its own, and they should just sit back and watch. Conversely, his firm is different since they work hard to maintain a client by ensuring that they come back and refer them to their friends (Krajewski, Ritzman & Malhotra, 2007). Their firm does not just wait, but treat their clients well by excellent communication, and providing good services to both the personal and commercial clients (Greasley, 2008). John Smith differentiates his firm from the competition by stating that their firm does not abuse their clients, and do believe that all customers are not happy with their solicitors. With this concept, John knows that their firm operates differently from her competitors and is more careful when it comes to handling their clients (Metters, King-Metters & Pullman, 2003). The changes John Smith will need to make to the operation include making efforts in selling their services. This can be achieved by putting a brochure together and list the extra services they provide including the steps they can take in order to receive the services. The change John Smith would need to make is to find good services that are related to their initial job. The services might include offering guiding and counseling, and teaching ethics, morals and ways of running their business